Non-classical non-Gaussian state of a mechanical resonator via selectively incoherent damping in three-mode optomechanical systems

We theoretically propose a scheme for the generation of a non-classical single-mode motional state of a mechanical resonator (MR) in the three-mode optomechanical systems, in which two optical modes of the cavities are linearly coupled to each other and one mechanical mode of the MR is optomechanically coupled to the two optical modes with the same coupling strength simultaneously. One cavity is driven by a coherent laser light. By properly tuning the frequency of the weak driving field, we obtain engineered Liouvillian superoperator via engineering the selective interaction Hamiltonian confined to the Fock subspaces. In this case, the motional state of the MR can be prepared into a non-Gaussian state, which possesses the sub-Poisson statistics although its Wigner function is positive.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

Microstructural differences in white matter tracts across middle to late adulthood : a diffusion MRI study on 7167 UK Biobank participants

Acknowledgements This research was approved by the UK Biobank (application number: 24089) and was supported by the Roland Sutton Academic Trust (grant number: 0039/R/16) and Taiwan National Health Research Institute (NHRI-EX109-10928NI). We acknowledge the valuable contributions of members of the UK Biobank Imaging Working Group and the UK Biobank coordinating center. The UK Biobank (including the imaging enhancement) was supported by the UK Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust. The authors are grateful for the provision of simultaneous multislice (multiband) pulse sequence and reconstruction algorithms by the Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota. Finally, the authors are extremely grateful to all UK Biobank study participants, who have generously donated their time to make this resource possible. This article was edited by Wallace Academic Editing.Peer reviewedPostprin

C/EBP-α, involvement of a novel transcription factor in leptin-induced VCAM-1 production in mouse chondrocytes

AbstractLeptin and vascular cell adhesion molecules-1 (VCAM-1) are two important mediators in obesity-related osteoarthritis, while the molecular mechanism linking leptin to VCAM-1 production is still obscure. Here we show that leptin upregulates VCAM-1 mRNA and protein levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, leptin induces VCAM-1 promoter activity by increasing the expression of C/EBP-α and facilitating its binding to a newly identified element in the VCAM-1 gene. Gain or loss of function studies reveal a regulatory role of C/EBP-α on VCAM-1 expression. Finally, elevated plasma leptin level correlates to increased C/EBP-α and VCAM-1 production in chondrocytes from obese mice

Study on tailings dam over-topping failure model test and break mechanism under the rainfall condition

Na temelju samo-konstruiranog uređaja za eksperimentiranje simulacijom prekida jalovinskog nasipa, eksperimentalna studija oštećenja nasipa provedena je u kišnim uvjetima. Zakonitost promjene linije infiltracije, proces razvoja tijela nasipa, mehanizam oštećenja nasipa i pomicanje nasipa nakon kolapsa dobiveni su pomoću uređaja za oborine, uređaja za mjerenje infiltracijske linije, uređaja za praćenje pomaka, kamere itd. Rezultati pokazuju sljedeće: u ranoj fazi kiše, promjena linije infiltracije u prednjem umjetnom jezeru i vanjskoj padini nasipa očito je zaostajala za razinom vode, a u sredini i kraju umjetnog jezera to nije uočeno. U kasnijoj fazi kiše, fenomen zaostajanja postupno nestaje, a promjena razine vode ima očiti učinak na promjenu linije infiltracije. U ranoj fazi oštećenja nasipa, curenje i preljev vode dogodili su se na vanjskoj padini nasipa, a došlo je do lokalnog kolapsa. U kasnijim fazama prekida jalovinskog nasipa voda protječe preko nasipa i nastavlja erodirati tijelo nasipa, što dovodi do zatajenja nasipa. Pod djelovanjem propusne sile pojavljuje se fenomen cjevovoda u nasipu. S kontinuiranom erozijom protoka vode, povećana je propusna sila, plutajuća jaka snaga uzgona i tlak vode pora, protu-otpor je oslabio i smanjena je stabilnost nasipa. Nakon oštećenja tijela nasipa, najveće je pomicanje zemlje u proboju, pored proboja, pomicanje zemlje uglavnom se događa kod potpore nasipa. Vanjska ekspanzija uglavnom se javlja u sredini nasipa i podnožju nasipa. Rezultati istraživanja pružaju neke smjernice i referentnu vrijednost za analizu modela i mehanizma prekida jalovinskog nasipa i sprječavanje katastrofe te kontrole pod kišnim uvjetima.Based on self-designed tailings dam simulation experiment device of tailings dam-break, experimental study of tailings dam failure was carried out under the condition of rainfall. The change rule of infiltration line, the developing process, the mechanism of dam failure and the displacement of the dam body after collapse were obtained and recorded by the rainfall devices, the infiltration line measuring devices, the displacement monitoring devices and the camera. The results are as follows: in the early stage of rainfall, the changes of the infiltration line in the front reservoir and the outside slope of the dam were obviously lagging behind the water level, but in the middle and tail of the reservoir it was not obvious. In the later stage of the rainfall, the lagging phenomenon gradually disappeared, and the change of water level had an obvious effect on the change of infiltration line. At the early stage of the dam failure, seepage and water overflow occurred on the outer slope of the tailings dam, causing local collapse to occur. In the late stages of dam break, the water flew over the dam crest and continued to erode the dam body, thus lead to the dam failure. Under the action of seepage force, the phenomenon of piping occurred in the dam. With the continuous erosion of water flow, the seepage force, floating severe, buoyancy force and pore water pressure were increased, the anti-resistance was weakened and the stability of dam was reduced. After the dam failed, the settlement displacement in the breach was the largest, in addition to the breach, the settlement displacement occurred mainly at the dam abutment. The external expansion occurred mainly in the middle dam and dam foot. The research results provide some valuable guidance and reference for the mechanism analysis of the tailings dam-break, the disaster prevention and controlling when subjected to rainfall

Controllable Entanglement of Lights in a Five-Level System

We analyze the nonlinear optical response of a five-level system under a novel configuration of electro-magnetically induced transparency. We show that a giant Kerr nonlinearity with a relatively large cross-phase modulation coefficient that occurs in such system may be used to produce an efficient photon-photon entanglement. We demonstrate that such photon-photon entanglement is practically controllable and hence facilitates promising applications in quantum information and computation.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 1 column. We have added a section in which the distortion of pulses due to the dispersion is considere

On Halo Formation Times and Assembly Bias

In this paper we use the ``Millennium Simulation'' to re-examine the mass assembly history of dark matter halos and the age dependence of halo clustering. We use eight different definitions of halo formation times to characterize the different aspects of the assembly history of a dark matter halo. We find that these formation times have different dependence on halo mass. While some formation times characterize well the hierarchical nature of halo formation, in the sense that more massive halos have later formation, the trend is reversed for other definitions of the formation time. In particular, the formation times that are likely to be related to the formation of galaxies in dark halos show strong trends of ``down-sizing'', in that lower-mass halos form later. We also investigate how the correlation amplitude of dark matter halos depends on the different formation times. We find that this dependence is quite strong for some definitions of formation time but weak or absent for other definitions. In particular, the correlation amplitude of halos of a given mass is almost independent of their last major merger time. For the definitions that are expected to be more related to the formation of galaxies in dark halos, a significant assembly bias is found only for halos less massive than M_*. We discuss our results in connection to the hierarchical assembly of dark matter halos, the ``archaeological down-sizing'' observed in the galaxy population, and the observed color-dependence of the clustering strength of galaxy groups and clusters.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to MNRA

Long-term prednisone treatment causes fungal microbiota dysbiosis and alters the ecological interaction between gut mycobiome and bacteriome in rats

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used in the treatment of immune-mediated diseases due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. Prednisone is one of the most commonly used GCs. However, it is still unknown whether prednisone affects gut fungi in rats. Herein we investigated whether prednisone changed the composition of gut fungi and the interactions between gut mycobiome and bacteriome/fecal metabolome in rats. Twelve male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group and a prednisone group which received prednisone daily by gavage for 6 weeks. ITS2 rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples was performed to identify differentially abundant gut fungi. The associations between gut mycobiome and bacterial genera/fecal metabolites obtained from our previously published study were explored by using Spearman correlation analysis. Our data showed that there were no changes in the richness of gut mycobiome in rats after prednisone treatment, but the diversity increased significantly. The relative abundance of genera Triangularia and Ciliophora decreased significantly. At the species level, the relative abundance of Aspergillus glabripes increased significantly, while Triangularia mangenotii and Ciliophora sp. decreased. In addition, prednisone altered the gut fungi-bacteria interkingdom interactions in rats after prednisone treatment. Additionally, the genus Triangularia was negatively correlated with m-aminobenzoic acid, but positively correlated with hydrocinnamic acid and valeric acid. Ciliophora was negatively correlated with phenylalanine and homovanillic acid, but positively correlated with 2-Phenylpropionate, hydrocinnamic acid, propionic acid, valeric acid, isobutyric acid, and isovaleric acid. In conclusion, long-term prednisone treatment caused fungal microbiota dysbiosis and might alter the ecological interaction between gut mycobiome and bacteriome in rats

Probing the nature of high- z short GRB 090426 with its early optical and X-ray afterglows

GRB 090426 is a short-duration burst detected by Swift (  s in the observer frame and  s in the burst frame at z = 2.609 ). Its host galaxy properties and some gamma-ray-related correlations are analogous to those seen in long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which are believed to be of a massive star origin (so-called Type II GRBs). We present the results of its early optical observations with the 0.8-m Tsinghua University–National Astronomical Observatory of China Telescope (TNT) at Xinglong Observatory and the 1-m LOAO telescope at Mt Lemmon Optical Astronomy Observatory in Arizona. Our well-sampled optical afterglow light curve covers from to 10 4  s after the GRB trigger. It shows two shallow decay episodes that are likely due to energy injection, which end at and 7100 s, respectively. The decay slopes after the injection phases are consistent with each other ( ). The X-ray afterglow light curve appears to trace the optical, although the second energy-injection phase was missed due to visibility constraints introduced by the Swift orbit. The X-ray spectral index is without temporal evolution. Its decay slope is consistent with the prediction of the forward shock model. Both X-ray and optical emission are consistent with being in the same spectral regime above the cooling frequency ( ). The fact that is below the optical band from the very early epoch of the observation provides a constraint on the burst environment, which is similar to that seen in classical long-duration GRBs. We therefore suggest that death of a massive star is the possible progenitor of this short burst.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79209/1/j.1365-2966.2010.17419.x.pd